electrical frequency phenomena

Speaking of the power frequency can not be separated from the analysis of power plant / generator, because the source of it. For non-electrical yg schools that still lack what is the frequency I try to love the picture here.

Is actually a characteristic frequency of the voltage generated by a generator who. So when it says 50 hz frequency, mean voltage of a generator resultant change in value over time, its value is changed repeatedly as many as 50 cycles per second. so the voltage from zero to a maximum value (+) and then zero again and then to the maximum value but her turn (-) and then zero again, etc. (if depicted graphically will form a sinusoidal wave) and this happens once in a fast-time, 50 cycle in one second. So if we look at electrical loads such as lamps, had in fact repeatedly lost its voltage (aka zero) but because it occurred within a very fast then the lights are still alive.

So if we observe this phenomenon and try to experiment, let's create that if the frequency is low, we take such a conservative who hz, what happens then every one second voltage will be lost and then the light will appear to the death over and over again like a light flip-flop (see animation on the right).

From the above analysis we can pull the conclusion that the electrical load required for stability on high frequency voltage to be really smooth (do not feel life and death). Now the question arises why 50 hz or 60 hz why not made it on high all 100 hz or 1000 hz'll really smooth. to understand this we have had to trace analysis down to the generator. Yg yg-frequency voltage is also called alternating voltage (alternating current) or the VAC, the frequency is proportional to the rotation generator. In the formula N = 120f / P

N = rotation (rpm)

f = frequency (hz)

P = number of pole pairs of generators, typically P = 2

Using the formula above, to produce a frequency of 50 Hz then the generator should be rotated with the rotation N = 3000 rpm, and to produce a frequency of 60 Hz then the generators need to be rotated with 3600 rpm spin, so the louder we play the greater frequency generator. Well then what's the problem? why do not we just turn the generator with a super fast round a big let generate frequency so that the voltage benar2 smooth. If we want to play then we need a turbine generator, the higher the rotation we want the greater the required power turbine, and subsequently the greater the energy required to rotate the turbine. If the energy source steam then steam it needs more and multiply, and the greater the amount of fuel it needs, and so on and so on.

The generator and turbine manufacturers certainly have limitations and of course, after the producers experimented for decades with regard to all the technical angles then be made standard yangg 50 hz and 60 hz it, which of course was considered quite effective for the stability of the load and efficient technical and economic side. Europe uses 50 Hz and Americans use 60 hz. After standardization, all electrical appliances are designed to follow this provision. So logically if 50 hz or 60 hz alone was able to make the invisible light blinking to let alone made a higher frequency that will require a turbine super tight and resources so that more energy efficient.

Both the voltage and frequency of the generator can vary the amount based on the range from zero load to full load. often we meet the specifications mentioned plus minus 10% voltage and frequency plus or minus 5%. This means the system supplies electricity / generator must be designed at full load voltage drop does not exceed 10% and at zero load voltage does not rise above 10%, as well as frequency

source : http://dunia-listrik.blogspot.com/2010/09/fenomena-frekwensi-listrik.html

Posted in: Electric